Encryption is the process of converting plaintext data into an unreadable format using mathematical algorithms and keys. Only authorized parties with the correct decryption key can convert ciphertext back to readable plaintext. Common algorithms include AES (symmetric), RSA (asymmetric), and SHA (hashing). Encryption protects data in transit (TLS/SSL) and at rest (disk encryption, database encryption). It is fundamental to cybersecurity, protecting communications, financial transactions, and sensitive data.
Cybersecurity